^   - 


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'  .   .  .  ,..---  :         ;-st 

:-   em  ol  I  Economics 

and 

,  A     ociato   Irrigation  Scono-nirt 

Surest  oi  l-ublic  Roads 


i   - 




this  report 

roomie 

irrigation  carried  o  cooperating  bur 


*M  ... 


FALLS 

;i cultural  Economics 
I  Paul  A.  Swing.    .  ublic 

: 
She   survey  on  which  this   report    is  based   is.  a  part   of   a  general   study 
-  under   ir  ;on  made  for  the  purpose  cf   determining  how  much 

I ord  to  pay  for  It   is  obvious   that   cost   of  water   is 

*s  cost,  of  producing  crops,    and  that   the  permicsi- 
blt  of  prod-.tion  depends  on  receipts*      Consequently,    it    is  not  possible 

'e  statement   as   to  permissible  cost   of  I        r   for  i<ny  type  of 
It   is  possible,   however,    t  sompr       nsive  data  as  to  costs  and 

.  rom  farming  under   ir:  ,  the   basis  Of  the   data  as   to  other 

mat    to  determine  approximately  ho^  much  net  return  is  avail- 
able for  ■  ...  .is  study  w?s  made  on  that  basi^. 

al  to  t  desire  to  get    information  as 

to   the    cort  of    clear:-  ling  land,    building     farm  ditches,    etc. 

..n   in  the   spring  of   19^-,   when  survi 
wer  the  S  »st,   in  Texts  and  He*  kfexioo,   and  ir.   Colorado,     1 

oleg  used  eelled  for  n  .  -.formation  called  for  by  the  2uroau 

:   '. :  u   of  agriculture,    ar.  .sicn  was  made  for 

ta"'  rultur  25f   arrange:.-.-,  e  to  the 

rators,   eh  ..    ...     canvass   for    t  reau  of   the    : 

.   edule 
was  prepared,   and  a:  re  made 

the   census  Si  tors.     Enumerators  were  selected 

.1  givt.  insl    action  and  i 


-  I  - 

lant  were  made  for  getting  two  6tat«  5(1)     ■<■  complete 

costs  and  r  both 

to  camera  operatlr  r  own  farrs  end  to  tenants,    and  provides  a  basis 

.-deter  is  as 

well  as  to  those  ope:  the 

financial  progr 

far  -ne  time  of  I  .tion.  ,  ^urse,    applies  only  to  farmers 

operating  their  0*1  z. 

as  :nade   in  Cecer/ber,    l°iU ,    and  January  and  February,    1925. 
le  called  for   inventor:''   items  as  01    January  1,    1'J",    ar.d 
for  on  items  fo.  r.dar  .    192*4.      The   supplemental  schedule 

lied  for  a  cf   Jaa  ,    192U,   lor  al 

to  farm  expenses  and   receipts  frc  -oducts  for   : 

cal  ,         .   i  or   the    :  .tion  desired  as  to  trorchase     price, 

Litlong   at   the   t  -ttiement,    ar.d   l.-^rov-  made    dinje  purchase. 

This   carvacs  was  made   in  eel'.  ctru   districts  only.         tile   en  ors 

in  thes?  distr.    .         re   instr^  b<       -o  get  ital  schedule  a  fron  all 

farms  on  irrigation  waa  practiced,    the  object  wab  to  obtain  \,roroughly 

e  samples,    rather  than  to  ^et  complete   returns.      Cone 
■     ■■  ructed   not   to    insist  en  rep 

t  ■  ve 

r . 
initions  of  •.  •  (d  are 

00  33  and         e  close  of  I 


-  3  - 


2iS  vL.  MY 

The  Twin  Falls   Canal  Co.rpany,      I         Fall3   County,    Idaho,    is  a 
farmers'    cooperative  unterprise  opo rating  the   system  built  by   the  Twi 
Falls  Land  and  Water  Company,   a  contracting  co.vpany  operating  'inder  the 
ter  Carey  Act.     The  present   company  took  over  the   system  about 

lobar   1,    1909,   but  the  ffi  lis  Land  and  Water   Company  v/rote  the  la 

;.ts  contracts  with   settlers   some  months  previous  to   that   date.     As 
required  by  the  law,    the  contracts  provided  for  sale  of  land  to  the 
purchaser  by  the  State  of  Idaho  at  tjO  casta  per  acre  for  most   of  the  land, 

ile  the  company  sold  vrater  rights  for  $?5  Fer  acre,    for   State  lands, 
totalling  a  relatively  small  portion  of  the  aggregate,   water  rights  v/ere 
sold  at  $15.50  per  acre,   not   less  than  $10  an  acre  being  charged  for  the 
"land  itself.     Water  rights  for  homestead  lands  and  lands  taken  up  under 
the  Desert  Land  Act  were  sold  at  $35  an  acre.     Contracts  on  Carey  Act 

lied  for  payment   in   installments  ending  in  ten  years.      State  lands 
-ere  given  five  years  and  patented  lands  ten  years.      Carey  Act   lands  v;ere 
sold  in  blocks  of  UC   to   l60  acrcu.      2he   original   contr?.~ts   had  been   closed 

long  before  the  canva  of   the  original  purchasers 

had  retained  their  and  vere  on  them  then,     liuny  other  facias  had 

the  purchase  prices  reported  for   them  had 
no   reference  to  the  pricey  paid  b  al  purchasers .       After 

land  and  W£.ter   changed  hands  together, 
rat  an  separately. 


L   contrac*  >n  of   the  Twin  Falls 

Canal  Company,    ..      .,    "at  l  tion  of  the  entire  system 

ale  ae  hereinbofore  provided   in  the  I  ications  and  within 

seven  years  fro  date   c:  b,    or  at  any  time  prior  thereto  "upon 

the  consent  of  the  state  Board  o:  Ltelonen  .  U  ye   in 

1909.  a  water  user  red   Into  contract  for  a  water  right  he  was 

*n  a  te.nporary  stock  cer-.  ally  oaid  up  he  received 

a  perr.-.anent   stock  cert  to.     The  Tw;  :o~rpany  thus 

retained   control  until  a  majority  of  the  water  rights  had  bi 

l  first  year  after   incor  of  the  Twin 

th«  .-etaineu  contro?. ,    jut  thereafter  it  permitted  the  t< 

stc  ers  to  exercise   a  proportic  -oice  in  the   control  of  the   system. 

.   the   stock  is  now  ... 

;k  of 
shares  at  $1  par  valttti  toe':  is  appurtenant   to  t        "    nd,    1  share  j 

.-is  entitled   to  a  flow  of   l/8C 
-foot  per  .   is  5/'s  inc*-  (Idaho]  Laad  according 

to  a  watcr-ri^ht  contract,   and  holder   is  liable  for  assessraer 

•a  to   the   to*  r  total  masher  of 

shares  ou;  Log  is  Jttg.lyf. 

ooopan;  .  300 

.i.ed  on 
-    sold  made    LI  tstibla  to  deliver  il 

ckson  aid  ha-  7rri- 


-    - 

gation  District  to  noaki  ■    .     To  secure   it  t.to  tho 

Jac 

interest.     This   indebte  i  gradually  reduced  until  at   time 

of   I  .ss  it  was  about  $120,00").     Short-term  notes  tot  "'3,000 

were  also  out st audit]    .      Phase  bear  interest  at  S  per  cent,    but   the  holder 

the  difference  bet'7een  that  rate  and  tie   current  rate  at 
tine  to  7  ?er  cent . 

Indebtedness  incurred  on  account  of  storage  at  American  Falls  was 
can  in-  t    as   it   is  small  and  cf  vary  recent  date  for   the 

-ic3n  rails  construction  was  not  actually  under  1  sn  the   Canvas  a 

none/  borrowed  at  the  ben*.:,    usually  £0  day  lo&ns,    the   company  pays 
8  rer  cent.      Interest  on  all   indebtedness   is  met  from  fun?s   raised  by  annual 
.jer.ts  -  t    :..e    ct^ck. 

-:ts  for   all  |  for   the  past    se-'en   /earn  i  ere  as   follows; 

",   and  1920,   33  oer   share;   1921,    $2  per   shore;    1922,   $1,50  per  share; 
per  share;   192- ,    $1.50  per  share.     The  high  assessments  from 
1   L8  to  1920  were  rrade  t        ay  off  a  he  .--y  indebtedness  while  times  were   good, 
.-sequent  events  uro--^d  wise,     prior  to  l?l7  the  assessment! 
v>er>-  installment,    :;ince  then  in  two   installments;    the 

.1  March   1  and  Ff>  cents  October  1. 
:•  is  3  continuous  flow.     About  300  miles  of   canals  an 

■ 

1    "  in    he  cai 

::es  constructt--d  in  Idaho  un  icr  tr 
r  s  if  i  cat  i< 

rs  from  V.  l-cr. 


•hot?  1  y  carried  to  Snake  Biver   7  rain  and  live  I 

far  ract<     ;st<c  of    th<  ;r  <J6terr  -,   but  ha""e  e 

tei  nose  int<  .  to   include  the  cultivation  on  a  large  scale  of 

alfalfa,   pc  ,      ugar  beet::,    :•  1  fruit.     Moreover,    the  ?rr-,: 

in  recer.-  for  alfalfa  and  closer  seed  -   cro- 

have  tro..ght  a  ^rest  deal  of    none;'  into  the  section  -   and  "ceans  forr.ed  a 

jial   cror-     proiB  extensively   in  sc  .-ts  cf    the   trr.ct    In    ." '-. 

entir  -otatoes  of  excellent  quality,   but   the  sap  of  long 

■    to  best  3  has   cut   deeply   into   the  nrcfitc   o:  '   farners 

.int.-   In  this    crop.      This  handicap   is  not    se-'ere  :o   seed  i. 

be.-  3. 

RESULTS  0?  '    IT 

Schedules  acceptable  for  the  purposes  of  thic  stud;-  '*ere   obtained 
frort  1,319  farrr.s,    &-0  of  vere    operated  by   their   owners   p- 

ter.  The   total  area  of  the  :  operated  by  their  0   ".err,    for  nhich 

schedules  vere  obtained,    is  50,79?  acres,    59.053  acres  of  Le   co-e;- 

by  wat   r  1  .  rma  hare  an  pr^c  of  '-7,  -,   of 

42, Ub^  acreu   ar  icr   rights*      ffenee,    the  >7hole   1  r   of 

r  ■   i    in  the   stud;.  I    I  f    12,J,l67    '-c;'      •     -n(*  °*" 

roa  101,^20  ocr  .  .     .  rea  Li 

alrost  •       1    t   1     rea  of  1  p- 

-    1  of   stoc'  •  .y, 

.r  the  e  of  tl      1'ar.o  8  ar.x)ur.t  of 

"tJCoipt  r       prodUOti    OV.   : 


-    7    - 

the  8kc    I  owner 8,   105,   or  or'  :n  °*  the  total 

the  season  c  ores  in  excesc  of  receipts 

products:  ,    or  38  per  cent  of  all  farms,    show  net   receipts 

Dducta  of  $1  to  £q;    ,  of  $U92  per  farm;  207,   or 

it  one-  the   total   e  it   returns  of  $1,000   to   $1,999?    115i   or 

si  rore  than  one-t  of  the  total,    show  net  returna  of  $2,000  to 

or  slightly  less  than  one-eighth  of  the  total,    sho.v  net  returns 
DO  or  o-- 

The  prevailing  type  of  farming  ie  the  of  fecial  crops  -  "beans, 

seed  -   supplemented*  by  ^rain,   hay,   and  livestock. 
jfor  al  receipos  froi         n>  products  comes  from  these 

special  crops ( 

are   of  moderate   size,    the  average  for  the  owner-operated 
Llmost  the  entire  area  of   these  farms  is   covered 
-ater  r  se-fourthfl    if    the  arer  in- harvested  crops  in 

132U. 

leb-edr.es  3  c  >«r  cent  of   the   total  value  of  farms 

and  equipment  . 

a  currer.t  rat     of  •"-  net   In;  ?°r  cent, 

3  per  cent   depreciation  or  bull  -,    and  1?  per  cent  0"  implements  and 

the  average  labor   income  "  'two   income 

groups,   containing  the  farms,    showed  negative  labor  'is. 


-  I  - 


Tho  aver;i-;t  net        r  .ho   settlers  at   the   time  of   settlement 

*a;  numeration  it  was  $10,c97,    an  increase 

o:    ;•*.''      .  ge  period  -eported  was 

9.5  years,   making  the  a-'erLge  annual   increase  north  $^11  per  farm, 

The  average   i  n  eider   ':  ly  lov  Lt  would  have  been  except  for   the 

large  decreese   in  land  val'ies  on  the  farms  purchased  during  the  inflation 
riod  from  1918    to  192.. 

For   the  season  01    1h2U   the  farms   operated  by  tenants  showed  slightly 
.  ler  excess  of  receipts  over  ^xperiditur-  10  did  the   farmc  operated  by 

the  o'  •         .  tenants,    however,    had  considerabl     largeT  labor  incomes, 

because  of   th<>   smaller   emerges  for  interest  on   InvesttBBnt  and  for  depreciation, 

1  tenant  farms  v?ere   larger  than  those  operate^  bj    c  ,    but   the 

proportions   of  the   land   in  harvested  oropi  and  under  water  rights  were 
practically  the  same  for  the/grou     . 

For   the   tenant  farms  a  larger  part  of  the   income  from  farm  products 
came  from  beans  and  seed  crops  and  a  smaller  part  from  li-  e- 

stock  products  than  wi  case  with  the  owner-operated  farms. 

■  •    return  to  tr.e   owneri  of   rented  farms  averagod  ^.7  per   cent 
on  the  value  of  these  fc  he  net   return  abo-e  taxes,    insurance,    and 

water  charges  rras  7.2  per  cent,    and  the  ne"  above   these   items  and 

depreciation  on  buildings  "as  6.9  per  c(nt. 

ie  era 

Statletloe  relating  to  the  farms  operated  by       owners  ere  shown 
in  Tables  1  to  5. 


-    0    - 


Si  and  Uses  of 

le  1  gives  for  each  of   U  -ome  groups   the  nunber  of  farma,    avt  i 

16  of  farn-.s.  a   acreage  per  fan  In  crops ^ average  acreage  per  farrr.  in 

pasture,    ani  average  acreage  c  I  by  rater   ri 

•le  1. -Omar- operator  farma  by  net  returns,   1/   192U: 

^es  of   land,    192~U 


I 


Farrcs 

Acreage  per  farm, 


eage  of   crocs  harvested 

per  farm 

rcentage  of   area  of  farrr.s 


Acreage    ::":.-  lure  per  farm 

•2  0:"   crop  acres  2/ 


trage    in  r      I 

rcentage  of  area  of  f 


.vered  by  rater   rights 

per  faro 

Percentage  of  area  of  fans* 


No 


acre 


acre 

p  ct 

acre 
p   ct 

acre 

T>    Ct 


acre 
p   ct 


Weighted 

'-€e 
of  all 
3 


72 

5U 
75 

U 
6 

3 
11 


70 

97 


:arms 

net 
losses 


105 


27 
50 

20 

7 
13 


52 

95 


•  in^ 
.     )0- 


zm 


312 
US 


3^ 
72 

2 

5 

6 
12 


96 


207 
7U 

"~ 

1 
2 

9 

12 


72 
97 


'^99 


115 
9U 


76 

SI 

1 

1 

10 

11 


93 
99 


_°1 

. 

or 
d  •  r 


95 

1U5 

120 
&3 

1 

1 

lU 
10 


1U2 


centages  are  confuted  from  the   totals  for  the  groups. 

l/    "Set   re-  as  used  excess   of  receipts  froai  1 

over  expenditures  for  farm  trurpo sec . 

2/  Base  used  in  cc      -  pcrcenta*;;?   La   the   sum  of  acres  harvested  and  acres 

of    cr. 

e   table  shows   I  penditures   :  ss  of 

rccc  oroducts,    and  that  31S  additional  farms  reported  oat  ms 

less  than  $1,000.     Assua:  :1,C0Q  represents  a  fair  return  for  the  la 

*.be  fara  operator  and  his  fi  '  cent  of  I  1  .  r     '.'  t    raturna 

less  than  wagec  I   Labor,  liai  rent  and  the  part   of   the  fara:'. 


-  10  - 

o^ta'n*"!  ft  . 

•  ng  net   returns 

betT?etr  net   lor.::1  of 

3  except   the  c  X    or 

the  e  of  all.     I  out,  of  conr  >up  of 

:•   of   farms   i  roups  decline   consist) 

he   ino 

"on  of  Lo        of    the   f;  8  losing  group   i3 

nd   in  the  hi  ere  &f  cro~    :•"..-•  .  was,    on  the  avera 

acres   in  a  total  of  U7   ncrey  in  ex  .■-id  and    -r  .   being 

"    total.  jcc  rf   the   corresponding  perc 

size  of   all  72  acr>     .  -en 

io    corr  income,    but,    c 

■  :    the   net    re tor      , 

of  to.         pea  of  f  tile  r  ri 

no-.  ,  ]  d  or  for  the  U  -  .losses  or 

irrigated  as  ^ell  as  the 
.n  cro      .  -erage   '  :cnt    od 

-le  2  are  •    average  •  per  farm  and  pet 

and  r. 
debts  •  per  sere',  and  average  net  -  acre. 


1    . 


Table     .-.  tor  farms  classified  I  na  1/ 

of  ,   debts,    an 


. 


: 

: acrt 

...  :dcl 

.ol 

-  total  ' 

: 

:  dol 

value . . :p  cz 

Value  c  del 

:  Lol 

total  •  p   ct 

.  b  and  r  : 

:dol 

-   acre :~ol 

,,:p  ct 

: 

- .         per    .  r ■  :.ol 

Tc :  .  I  .  .  —    ct 

!  lol 

:     -  :   ;c  1 

sre 

tS . : 

:  iol 

r  cent  I  ... 

:dol 

A"   -  acr    •.  iol 

total  v 


■ 

irg 

;t  ret 

of  all 

1- 

:$!.: 

100- 

:$3. 

2i 

W9 

■ 

! 

' 

1 

! 

7** 

: 

12, 

10, 

!     B, 

:    17. 

•  &1 

:            191 

:          1/5 

167 

: 

: 

! 

S3 

: 

1 

, 

:        2. 

• 

:      2, 

"■ 

:      kt 

53 

35 

: 

:            33 

• 

11 

22 

19 

1' 

1            15 

I 

10." 

7,660 

.539 

.     9, 

•    Ol.SSl 

136 

• 

: 

• 

63 

c5 

: 

• 

o2  j 

633 

S3?: 

1,175 

:      1,657 

13 

13 

13 

13 

12 

11 

• 

0 

6 

: 

'L>CV> 

57  5 

653: 

l,02o 

:      1. 

2, 

1U« 

11 

lU. 

13: 

13 

i. 

5 

7 

6: 

12,17.5" 

161. 

■ 

1 

15, 

10,050. 

. 

.555 

: 

221 

, 

U,5?? 

, 

62 

52: 

• 

29 

12: 

2S 

1'-, 

7, 

6, 

11,031: 

.r^72: 

,701 

151: 

lL'2: 

150: 

166 ! 

71 

62: 

68- 

75: 

7 

p  act  '  -  totc.ls  for 

is  the  excess  of    receipts  fr 
res  for  fai 


- 

show  the  higner  average  values 
•'anr.e  I  bee  the  1 

a   per 

suffered  crop 

true   o: 

f 

■ 
-    r    proup. 

f 
case 

A.vc  -  ■;   c   er:  ted  r>er 

■ 

•  acre  o  et  lo^sca   ia 

t 

ms.  1 

. 

.as  direct  exrv 

. 

T8. 


-  13  - 


Table  3»-0vner-operator  farms  clar-sified   b  turns,    l/   192U: 

Average   cost  and  returns  per  farm,    1Q2U 


It  an 


:Unit 


T'eidited 
of  all 

ToS 


yarms 
■hawing 

net 
losses 


Jarms   showing  net   returns  of 


$1- 

J&222 


$1,000- 


$2,000-: $3, 000 

$2,999  or  over 


Farms  

Total  value :  do! 

Tota  

Het   inve  : dol 

: 

rep.  . :dol 

Inter-  ?nt   at      : 

:dol 

bjB   .         iings  and     : 

ry :  dol 

Pot  :t :dol 

: 
:  roducts .... :dol 

Labor  Faroe .*.... :dol 

re  of  Tfor>  animals :  dol 

re   of   f arm  machinery :  iol 

".her  r  or  : 

ec  -  :dol 

-    "-al  receipts :dol 

ss   receipts   1  r n  ! 

! 

-  ■  r   txpoadi t -re s   .    i 

id  in  tore  ot  on  not    .  : 

vestment :  dol 

r  expend:  -.  .        , 

aet   ia-psat- 

ment ,    ar.  >n :  dol 

Zxcess  total  receipts: 

;r  exr  :  uol 

Over  6 

•    rest    D-   net 

invef  :  dol 

Over  expenditures, 

net   inve  b,    and  depreciation: dol 


15,^02 

tkGo 

_10,_^2 


105 
12,173 

JL332 


7.K-:: 


31s 
10,050 

o,806 


207 

1^,872 
.   3,^1 


115 
20,762 

i5.572 


1.315 
607 

21U 


2.13S 


905 

5UU 

1,613 


1,261 

882 

_2U_2 
2,3"8"5" 


1.773 
1.2*6 
_2& 


-L31Z 


969 
199 

1 
7 


10 


1.397 

127 

1 

p 

4_ 

12 


„23*1 


i*m 


±529 


2.7UU 

7U 

10 

8 

2tsug 


q5 

31,559 

8^ 

,7    1 


3.0S3 

1,816 

U22 

.^261 


U.211:    7,980 

68:  27 

8:  5 

6:        119 


18 

H2£ 


^.293 


1.U02 


-3U6 


527:       -953 


291 
1,538 

663 
U27 


-1.167 
-138 

-7U5 
-959 


U92 
-52 

■216 
63U 

90 
-7Ui 


1.U83 


601 


359 
1,583 

706 
U6U 


2,^33 

1,187 

89U 
2,515 

1.269 
976 


»,957 

3,lUi 

2,719 
5,126 

3.310 
2,888 


1/   "Het   retfl  as  used   in  class :  farms,    is  the  excess  of  rec  from  farm 

products   over  expenditures  for  farm  purposes. 


_ 

-    pi  for  a.  1    farae,    .    ••»r.  c      u  r  of   Table  T ,   are 

■     in  the  pre.' 
.«  .season  of 

•  ucoes  •  •  r 

.    t  son  of  .        ,  M   is. 


aor^    •                                                                Sarin  operator,   above  -the  feAC  and 
,  .    •  •         •  

nto  -accov. 


frc 


t   on 


ieprec '  .'is  rvr. 

•  ■  ceipts 

- 

acts   the  arse  .         .-   earn:        ,  ~ ,    and 

L'eiiuipne  ve  real  , 

ined  fro-n  the  farm,  1  depr-.-  n. 

•■    limilar  comparisons  for  the  ineome  grou; 

■ 

TS 

, . ■        ■    ■ 

.  -en  thfc  ad  for 

■ ,   and  the 

>er  farm  and    .        •  oer  fara&«                              t  .res 

o  farm;  97  per  cent  0                             *rc3 

for   f.                     <vf  and  ^9  per  cetnt  of   the  rect                                         ■          . 


. o- ,uhe8e"afDo\ihts' are"  c-.    t       average 

:  1    ' 


-  1 


.  _  -.  -"led  by 


net    • 


■ 














n  ex- 



r 

Per  .  ex- 



>f  rece 

be*. 


: 


- 





.  arm  ex- 


i 


.  .  : 

I 

.  .  :    Ol 
. . : iol 


•• 


7! 


.idol 


del 
ip    Ct 
:  p  ct 
idol 


.  .  . :  "    Ct 


;-j  c 


.  .13 

.  .:p  cJ, 

..:    el 


:       Ct 


19 


, 


123 

9 

U 

007 

21 
11 

109 

L 
11 


2l| 


U 

11-7 
11 

15 

£3 
71- 
B5 

6 

- 

3J2 
25 


19 


1.397 
23 

92 
10 

7 
1U0 

16 

10 

72 

25 


, 


! 
17 


101 

8 
I 

237 
TO 


112 

9 

- 
20 


• 


1*5 


2U 
1C 

B 


•- 


55 


3 
10 

213 
7 
3 

580 

7 


Table  U   nho*s   that  ,    and  taxes 

rly  or  all  e;- 

far  r>  for  the  a"  .  to  bo  constant 

regai  tlon,  (23  per  cent)  of 

receipt ■  from  fat 

Int    •  indebt  ?m 

for  than 

for  any  ot  pt  cne   in  r>u4r.t,  of  percentage  of  total  •  "tares 

for  -third  (3^   ?*r   cent)    of  the   i 

of  thi  ip. 

eat   it  0.3  for  the  a1  ,  being  about 

one-fifth   o-  rposcs  and  fctout    OT    -  jf 

tot  product  a.  tern  for  farms  operated  at  a  loss 

-in  fov  rding  t  es 

*.ly  with  the  net    i 

Lrd   in  -ance  arron£   the  expend4  tares  for 

i  for  the  fanna  let  losses'  it  c.  ^arly  one-seventh 

of  for  f  -      :  '.he  receipts 

fr  roducts. 

Laneon*"  it  •  •  •  :lude  certain 

,    and.  h  allied 

to  labor.     For  tb  -  rm  they  c    ist    *  ..•  tly  more   I  •  :.th 

of  all  er.  ^he  perc>  "  ly 

fro  10  pe:    cent  for  per  c 

for 


-  17  - 

..;,.:•-,.  *    per   c?nt   of 

••        ■  ■  ur 

receipt  . 

the  cr.3e  of  I  '   losses .     Fheae  expense • 

leven  dollars  le  is  than  t1.-    • 

do   not    includo  de  blch  is   t  t   of 

eli  e« 

C- 
..ble  ^  gives    -  ts  per  acre  from  f  b  for 

all  tod  and  for  (  ps  presented   in  previous  tabli 

also  the  aver  ipts  p«  r  rinclpal  aourcea  of  \ncome. 

By  ost    significant    items    in  Table  5  ^~e  rece:  rom  beans, 

ver   sef.  . .      I    e      constituted  more   than  one-third   of    the 
tot  -cducts  of  the  average  farm,    and  four-tenths  of 

jtcl  i  .9  of  the  group  ..est  net  incc  ie(     Moreover, 

dually  rtion  of   total  income  with  t 

ch  the  conclusion  seems  Justified  that  the  fanners  on 
•    prospered  in  192**   in  >n  to  the  degree  of   their  con- 

c    srecial  cress,  ;h  conclusion  appears  to     pply  to 

any  ■   item.     Althour:.  bock  item  varies  rith  the  net   income  the 

Is  of   the   receipts  from 
"3  doon  not  sho77  the  same  oo  nt  change,     rh is   La  cilso  true 


-  1    - 


Tabic  ;,  .-G^ner-op'-rator  :      . 

■ 


I 


. 




Acr  i  r-cre 

oducts . : dol 

C  dol 

:  dol 

of  total : 

iucta 

total 

total 

Poult r  :  dol 

rp  rt 

. . , . tdol 

percentage  oi'  total 

:ellaneois Sol 

Percentage  of  tote" jp  ut 

Srain :  dol 

-cente^e  of  t     jp  at 

idol 

o:  total 

: 

total ip  ct 

Pot      :  Aol 

: 

Fr  _    !dol 

total :• 

Beat- :  lol 

of  total :p  ct 

.id  clover) . . . : dol 
: 


b     : 

■ 

of 

.     .           : 

-     1 

. 

$2,0      - 

,00 

. 

3       ! 

or  o1 

31*1 

2C7: 

95 

5* 

43  s 

YU: 

1U5 

2, 

1. 

2, 7^! 

7.S30 

39: 

23 

*5 

55 

U31: 

:        373: 

^jj 

1.536 

15s 

" 

19 

3C2: 

192 

^90 

11: 

15 

: 

11: 

7 

35: 

30: 

32 

US 

1 

2 

:               1: 

1 

1 

91 

us 

73 

96: 

5: 

5 

: 

2 

2 

h3 

3 

13 

:             51: 

- 

253 

2 

- 

. 

3 

6 

2: 

1 

2 

c 

- 

2/ 

2/ 

2/ 

• 

- 

2/ 

' 

■ 

__. 

1,171 

16 

13: 

15 

. 

:            1* 

53 

e^ 

: 

221 

uos 

6 

5 

7 

c; 

5 

67 

2U 

65 

! 

112 

S7 

3 

- 

5 

: 

V 

:              1 

US. 

:            5b 

: 

373 

k 

U 

U 

5 

90 

:               79 

65 

:           152 

: 

69 

3 

S 

:              5 

:                6 

2 

:               1 

171 

: 

1 

1," 

2,5   2 

: 

: 

1 

2G 

.2 

216 

:             SI 

: 

. 

502 

S 

5 

6 

: 

S 

,  is  the  I  ts  from  . 

-.••  r  expondltiun  ■  for  fa 

Leas  than  o-       of  1       Dt.  (In  all  "but  or.o  case  Lt  of 

■   cent) 


as  re-  in  order 

id  dairy  -orod  the  a  farra  these 

s  totalled  C  L    receipts  frcra  all  farm 

n  the  beans  and  ,    "  ■  teige  was 

in  the  cure  of  t. 

frorr.  -"7}  :'  operate!  by  tenants.     A"  :'r-   canvassed  are 

vtative  of   tl'.e   region,    t  r   cent  .      The 

ot    fai"^3   operated  by   tenants  are  prosenteJ.   in  Tables 

6  to  ] 

Sine  of  !  tes  of  Land.   192V 

6  are  given  tne  average  sires  of  fairs.   acre::,~e    In  harve 
j8  of   crop  failure,    ac  in  pasture,    and  acre 

,   for  t.  operated  by  ten 

-    •  bed         t       ot  s  is  c  ly 

r   •  veragr  -operator  fa:       ,  st 

72  acres  for  the  owr.fr    .  d  crc  r 

for  tl  :  -  -      rater   - 

sane   {  *-age.     The  a-  ,   on  the 

LI    r    t     m  for  the  ovmer-opera 
of  age  of  farms  covered  slightly  greater 

rat  or  gr       . 


-      0  - 


.-Avsrago  aire  of  .->os  of  land  for  farms  operated 

by   tenants,  led  by  ■  l/  1?24 


It(  DO 


■ 


?ago  r  

•  „ec*-*  of   croT  -  mace 


e  of  area  of  fc 


Acrra«?e  o:  .    -                  rm. . 

Percentage  of  area  of  farms. . . . 

of  crop  acres  | 

cr^r>  1  


•  ^re  per  farm. .  . . 
ntage  of   area  of  farms. 

age   covered  by 

per  f arm 

-■;e  of  aroa  of   '    . 


p  ct 

acre 

p  ct 

p  ct 

acre 

p   ct 


acre 
p  ct 


of 


91 

69 
76 

3 


89 
98 


Fa 
eLo" 

1 

-    : 

Ul 
52 

192: 

: 

65 

50 1 

:       73: 

2 

4 

4: 

7: 

5 

ll 

I 

14 

I     si 

3: 

US 

93 

: 

g  n<  :  _of 


- 


lr>0 
92 

71 
77 

3 
3 


12x221- 


121 

79 

3 
3 


12 
10 


118 
97 


3.000 

or  over 


45 
151 

142 

1 

1 


13 

10 


177 

93 


i-erc   *  are  computed  :ota!sfor   the  groups. 

l/    ni:et   r  ,  "  as  used  in  clasi  -.,    is  the   excess  of   receipts  from  farm 

:  over  expenditures  for  form  purposes. 

expected  fr  more  favorable  oondJ  I       mt 

-ler  v  of  the  whole  number  of  forrrs   is   in  the   ^roup  showing 

*-   losses,    9  per  cunt  for  the   tenant  far  I  13  per  cent  for  the   ovner-operator 

■     I 

rage   si ze  of  farms,    acreage   of   crops  bar  -*,    and  acreage  under 

all  vary  with  the  net  return: . 

■r 
•   . 

le  7  give3  I  ae  of  farms  and  f,  .    debts,   not   investment, 

end  cost  me  for  t.  ,   for  farms  operated  by  I  r->. 


j    _ 


Table   7.   -  '•   h1 '•      v'-luc  ol 


a. 


- '. 

Acreage  pei  :  ncro 

•-  and  1  :  iol 

: 

: 

:      : 



Live&.oc '.: \ 

: 


91 

152 

7 
8 

9 
'1. 


1 


-, 
117 

1 

3.313 
65 

l 

1 
13 


1.2U9 
_i3 

1.372 


75 


-~< 


• 


2V2 


67 


92 

1 
1 

1 


3,2£s 

21 

1 


20 


19 


,- 
2 


1,0& 


IS 

- 

-77 


5U 


L, 

1.1-69 

. 


: 

• : 

: 

: 

-:  : 

■:: : 

:    inve .  

: 

:  Iol 

.1    cog- : 

:  : 

: : 

: 

: 



ira  or  i 

: 

: 

or  

-ess  of   r  r  . 

i 

: 

rest      : 
on 
Qvt  •  -ost  or. 

•  . 

! 

! 

r  ore  "      : 

on  

OB     : 

. 

r  totals  for 

3  Of    inco::*  iCti 


•     • 


:     53? 
8 

: 

8 


■ 


L, 


8 

3 

117 
I 

:        . 


121 

,•71 

1,002 
l.C 

13Y 


r 

" 
o 

1.6 

277 


-36 
U.2 

.326 

.-38 

''11 

3.928 


The  a*  value  of  -than 

■ 

nwnor-operator  f  arras. 

All   "  '   vary  with  th<  ncorne  bat   debts 

not  follow  this  or:<.r. 

era  was 
cor.  •   than    '  •  r- -operate  r  .         .is   is 

due   to   •  .-it  far  -cluder,  rent,  -whereas 

for  ■    it  does  not    i  or.  net   inv< 

'.   "•'••1  s   int  ir.vectT/int  and  depreciation, 

the  o- 
Low   receipt  to  l.rr  of    failure   on  the  fa** 

at  locr.es,    rjinc  .    ondit1-  son    *  or  this  group  were 

cnly  c~.  han  for  the  next  roup,   and  considerably 

for  all  f 

.es 
Lbuti  nar.t   fariEs   ir   | 

in  Table      . 


- 


I:..:     B.-Tonant   faraa:     ristrlbution  of  princi 


I 


: 


.' 


: 



:  iol 

.  .     .     :  aol 

Av. :  v :  dol 

: 

: 

sp  c*„ 

: 

Sp  Ct 

:  iol 

: 

sp  ct 

Fer  .  j  from 

fa-  :p  cw 

:  icl 

: 
sp  ct 

: 

fa.  s«a sp   c- 

lex-    :  iol 

: 

sp   c: 

Fe  r 

Sp    ct 



: 

: 

.  : 

: 

: 

:p  ct 

■  .  '  : 

•      

: 

: 

.    ta  from 

ct 


91 

22 

37 

103 


3 

12 

7 
13 


l) 
1 

l 

66 

81 


n   t 

52 
l.i 

19 

us 


12 


1 
11 

1 

1 

6C9 
55 
70 


200 
6 


10 
88 


1.331 
1,    ■ 
?6 


1 

12 
11 


1 
10 


1 
£71 


US 

6o 


■  ,    00- 

1  i 
1, 

1 


207 

11 

6 
iu 

l 


16 


1,232 

67 

70 

L 

i~ 

10 

7 


,  .00- 


\    ■ 

U6 

5 

n 
C 


U9 


2,102 

6d 

3: 
2 

10 


or 


lal 

2o 

I 


12 

6 
31 


Ul 
1 

7.1?7 
6S 
35 


5UU 
-11 


Af  of 


.ne   totfdo  for    : 


As  io  to  be  expected,  rrt:»t  is  the  largeat  item  of  expenditure  on 

.     red 

la 

taxes  are  unir  :jt  ar.d  the  t<     i  have  no  wa 

of  th<      . 
net  losses  rej  *t 
for  feed,   r  1   r,   ;  for  automobile  trpckt     ractore  than  the  next 
a  grou 

CI  Bceipts  fr  iuctg 

'ibTjtion  of  receipts  from  f.. 
for  ]         rcee      me. 

As  v.-ith  the  ov  -  crop. 

■    r    •'      p  t   cent   of   the   J„ot -JL   receipts  frona 
fam  products,    rJid  for  o^.ly  on«  ^roup  rare   the  rec-  r    Q  beanr  less 

-third  of  the   total  pte  fr^r.   .    :  i  .  -    - 

•;  of  the  total  rocei-  resent 

-    "      ~z  from  b<  with  the  nt,-t   ri  per  cent 

*  >tal  for  1  .  ;.e   tenant  farr.s  also 

I   in  in  ce.     Tor  the  t  ..•  raztfsa  third,  while 

for  the  o—    r  and  1  -'  • 

lb  rould  be  i  ace  livestock  goos 

associated  with  w  Lp. 

10  shows   •  . 


- 


.- 


' 


• 


.     .     ........     ■ 

age  per  1 


: 


-or  acr 

Liv  

- ' ! 

Po_      -      :lol 

• 

• 

Poult:  c :  lol 

: 



- :p  ct 

io- 

. 



... 

> 

...... 

fra  







.  .  .■ 


• 


32 


23 

1 

11 

?. 


1 
1 


Ul 

63 

/-» 

Cm 

102 

1/ 

175 

1 


— 
1 

2 


■ 
11'. 


• 


25 

•56 


?6 
2 


)  or 


52 

1 
! 

3 

13 

2 

3 

1 


37  ■ 

7: 

: 

■ 

1,1 

571: 
10: 

: 
■■ 

2,1 


9,1 

5i 

9 
32 

333 
U 

■ 
l 

1, 

702 

3 

39 
2/ 

7 

2 


2/ 


-    ■  - 


Toblo  10. 


by 


" 






.  . 









•  :      

I 





.  .     . 



- 





■ 


,    ^nd  water 






.  .    . 


r 

p  ct 

dol 


iol 
do'l 


p  ct 


- 


'.   r 


91 

76 
13. : 

152 

1.! 

12,162 

- 

196 

5 
137 


1,317 
9.6 


7.i 


: 


50 

7.061:  9. 
1 

1.-'-  ":    1,1 

5.821:      , 
11 


7?: 


13: 


13 


. 


s.s 


'  I 


582 


op. 
77: 

1. 

12.. 

i 

. 
: 


1,2       : 


2,102 
17 


' 


B7   : 
5c8: 


1,676 

.' 

1,605 
B.2 


or 


2.7 

391 


7 


18 

11.  U 


- 
2.U3U 


.••  -    •       - •  r    .  •  ■•■    •■.'. :  pare  '•  -■-  •"  1  are   co  aput<  i  from  t hi    I    feals  for  thj     jrc  .  ■■ . 

of    re 
let  ■  over  1 


-    7  - 


e  gr0L  .jo  owner  wa.  at  on  hi3  total 

turni 
all  the  groups,    t)  :"°-!G  returns  being 

S«6  per  cen*  l   returns 

being  onl  5.3  x  —  t   to   ?.7  per  Cl 

Me    <n  net  worth  due   to 

B,   which  nay  be  assumed  to  be  as  great  for  this  group 
9   operated  by  their  o~ners. 
arison  of   the   returns   to  o^ner-operatorc 

I 

.son  of  r-  bo  ov.ner-operatoro   and  to 

2U 


Item 

: Un  i  t : 

•                      < 

Owner-        : 
operators   : 

Tenants 

SUO     : 
1.U02 

5^7 
•            291 
I        1,532 

663 
:'              U,?7 

U79 

Excess   of    re-    . 

*■- 

rdol  ■ 

'dol 
,  «dol 
.:dcl 

1.329 

Ov :  - 

on 

:            1,212 

it  ion. . .  . 

not 

invest- 

:            1.0SU 

total  rec 

:            1.U09 

Orer  exp-             -ec  and   ::. 

Orer  exp                     ,    interest   on 

on 

in  v 

.  •  del 
.  rdol 

:            1,292 
1            l.lCU 

- 

excec  the  owner-operators   show 

a  slight  odvuntuge  ov.r  the  tenants, 

.  r.to  occo  for  the   I 

far~»re  ar«    lar</jr  t                              table.  at   is,    the   labor  Income  of 

ts  is  considerably  1?          .     Table  10  shors  that  the  c             of 

t  return  .  !    r>cr  cent  on  the  value  of   th 

3 .     •     ad 

i    in  Tabl*         .    is   conput 

.,   the  av'_  r  idebtedneea  in  the  distr 

lower  r:  Lb  labor  incorre  i3   still  with  the 

1  1£SS 

foll^  baaed  en  7^3  of  the   SUO  owner-operator 

f arrr3    included  in  t  ;  tabulations.     The  reports  froa  the  other 

t   give  all  t  -   .  •  termine   the  fir. 

rrogrece    of    the  far  to  the   tiroe   of 

The  far-  rouped  by  the  ye^rc  ich   settlement 

. 

le   12  presents  -  ••    .  ic3  for  various  'or  all  far 

and       -        -  .  of  the  groups. 


-  29  - 


Table  12, -Owner-operator  farms  grouped  by  date  of   settlement:     Financial   progress  of   settlers 


Item 


:Unit 


Farms :  No 

Acreage   in  farms :acre 

Acreage  of  crops  harvested  in  1924 :acre 

Acreage  of  crop  failure   in  1924 :acre 

Acreage   in  pasture   in  1924 :acre 

Acreage  covered  by  water  rights :acre 

Purchase  price :dol 

Initial  payment :dol 

Cash  on  hand  after  payment :dol 

Property  brought   to   farms:  • 

Implements  and  machinery :dol 

Livestock :dol 

Initial  net  worth :dol 

Cost  of  improvements  made   since  purchase :dol 

Purchase  price  plus  cost  of   improvements  made 

since  purchase : dol 


Weighted 
average 
of  all 
farms 


70 

54 

2 

7 
67 

9.539 
4,264 

891 

249 

335 

5,739 

2,316 
11.855 


Present  value  s 

Land  and  buildings idol    J     12,475 


Implements  and  machinery :dol 

Livestock, :dol 

Cash  on  hand :dol 

Total  value :dol 

Debt6: 

Mor  tgage  s + :  dol 

Personal :dol 

Merchant  credit ;dol 

Other  debts ;d0l 

Total  debts :dol 

Present  net  worth , :dol 

Increase   in  net  worth :dol 

Excess  of  present  value  of  farm  over  purchase      : 

price   plus  cost  of   improvements :dol    i 

Total   receipts  from  outside  employment   since        : 
settlement :dol 

Total  outside  cppital   put   into  farm  since   pur-    : 
chase :dol 

Total   capital    taken-out  of   farm  since  purchase. :dol 


891 

95U 
_5iL2 


lU.S62 


3.9^3 
226 

15 
SI 


JL2& 


10,597 
4,858 


620 

876 

S92 
S97 


Prior 
to 

.1903 ... 
1 

118 
106 

9 

118 

3,009 
351* 

7,000 

1.500 

2,000 
10,854 

11,200 

14,209 


23,600 
3,000 
2,130 


28.710 


12,000 
200 


12,200 


15,530 

5.676 


9.391 


16,000 


1903- 
1907 

Ss 

95 

72 

5 

10 
92 

2,920 
4o4 


1908- 

1912 

~_13S 
79 
60 
2 
101 
76! 


I 

1913- : 
1917  1 

2521 

77« 

59: 

2: 

9: 

75: 


6,062:10,264! 
2,772!  4,479! 


541:  1,165:       872 

103!  196:       251 

192j  29 3 j      405 

l,*o:  4,426:  6,00.7 

:  1 

5,64o:  3. 908!  2,361 

8,560:  9,970:12,625 


17.647 

1,17S 

1.391 
_  581 

aoizai 


3,620 

55 

15 
11.5 


JLuSOJi 


lb,992 
15,752 


9,087 
1,008 

2,526 


191 8 

67 
55 
44: 
l 
5 
55 

12,444 
6,249: 

1,3^5 

247! 

321: 
8,162 

1,219 

13,663 


1919 


1920 


78: 

54 1 

43: 

1: 

4: 

53; 

14.557J 
6,272: 


48 

53 

41 

1 

4 

51 

14,207 
6,6l6 


559 >        923 


14,478:12,909! 
995:  l,007s 
1,108:  1,052 

_  _g.20j 5.221 

17.201:15,490 


3,373 
156 

3 
.31 


4,070 


13.131 

3,705 


4,503 

1,368 

1,118 
1,942 


3,793 

296 

8 

105 


4^202 


11,238 
5,281 


.  254 

1,000 

-  7bg 
779 


2891 
342! 
7,462 

1,107 
15,664 


287 

304 

8,130 

852 

15,059 


10,737!  10,748 

7l4s        719 

878 

1.097 


12.485 


4,048 
121 

13k 


4.107 


8,227 
65 


-2,925 

1,162 

l,04l 
244 


5,254 
334 

3 
.35 


5.626 


6,859 
-603 


-4,927 
535 

832 

209 


11.442 


4.095 
511 
114 


_kJ20 


8,722 
592 


-4,311 

207 

1.01$ 
92 


1921 


32 
53 
4l 

1 

4 

52 

10,463 
5.51S 

1.017 

396 
407 
7.338! 

550 
11,013 


9,578 
745 
790 

_446 
n.559 


1922 


1923 


3,34o 
84 

31 


J.516 


8,043 
705 


-1.435 

430 
469 

420 


25 

79 
4o: 

1 

7-958 
3.936 

537 

233 

253 

5,005 

351 

3.309 


8,400 
5l4 

637 
421 


.iu971i 


2.456 
112 
105 


£Ml 


7,299 
2,290 


91 

421 

923 

64 


U 

44 
1 
5 

53 

9.758 
4.563 

323 

353 
244 1 
5,488 

4o9 

10,167 


9.621 

638 
690 


1924 
~26 

7.453 
3.255 

912 

369 
1    359 

44 

7,497 


7,658 
756 

531 

491 
1x438 


^.336 
89 
li 
192 


4.618 


6,598 
1,110 


-546 
245 

599 
13 


3.485 
236 

15 


3,766 


5,672 

777 


151 

46 
69 


- 

ore  has  beon  ar.  Ln  net  wort:  the  groups  exec   t 

xoup,  alt  oases  for  ,  and  1921  groups 

are   small,  .ered  aa  a  single  group,    the   av  :.se 

c  about   £  .    cent    is  due  to 

.  of   f  i;    but   improvements   Mnce  purchase  have 

per  cent  as  much  as  the  increased  value  of  real  estate. 

>,    1920,    1  23  groups  the  present  value 

farms   is  le  n   the  purchase  price  plus  the   cost   of   improvsir.ents . 

res    indica.e    in  a  gent  the   in:  .   oi    land   values   that   tc 

to  19:    ,         :  the  deflation  that   has   taken  place    since    that   time 

Is  to  bo  greater'  for  those  who  have 
oc:  be   longer,    although  the   increase    is  not    regular.     7or 

-roups  prior  to  ".he  average  Is  greater  than    the  average 

for   al"    Faros,    I     .le    for  .md  eash   subsequent  year   the   increase   in  net 

*or  jji   the  average  for  all  years. 

)f   occu-naney  of  the   fen.iers  no'J"  owning  the  farms 
Log  the   avorage  annual    increase    in   net  vort. 

le  13  cer:  cant   comparisons  are  :uade.      The  sum  of    the 

-e  and   the   cost   of   improvements   cince  purchase    is   CC  •         ith 

present  value  of  farms.  nonat  of  deferred  payments  on   the  purchase  price 

spared  :   of  present   debts,    ueferred  payments   boir. 

.ssible  to   the  ;  of  deoto  et  the  tine  of  purchase.     The 

cash  on  hand  and  values  of  livestock  and  equip-r^nt  at   the  time  of 
.se  and  a*  I  ime  of  enumeration  are  compared. 


-  31  - 


Table  13 .-Owner- operator  farna:   Comparison  of  values  of  various 
it*         o  of  t      ent  and  at  time  of  enumeration 


' 


tl-urchaat-  f erred  pi    - 

:plaa   it.icrovo-   rments  vs  pros- 
:ments  vs  :•  at  debts 

: • 


r   to   1O03    (  .): 

at ,  ?09 

enumcr             23,600 

Increase :  ,3 .391 

1903-1907   8f  C 

:  B,5 

enumer        <    \ 

: 

190S-1312  sottlers  (138  farms)    i 

••ttX<  :  9.97C 

.kt  : 1--.U?S 

fnci  : 

lc  13-1^17 

•     Mttl  : 1 

: 

: 

:.ers  (67  farms] 

: 

At  enu:> : 

'ease .........: 

: 

At    sett:  : 

At   er  : 


Dollars 

2,655 
__12x200_ 


f,:-; 


•  j  3Q I 


12.625 


2.516 


3.29c 

JiaClO. 


Dollara 
7*000 


• 


5** 


b0 


1.16^ 
620 


-_  - 


.735 
U.2G2 


872 
522 


^•ij?8?,. 


=252 


■5.195 
"■107 


-1. 


16- tji 


15,059 

^.311 

.    -    - 


:           11,013  I 

» ?.3?S         ! 


i'2       --,  927  _ 

■•tt  lament 

At   er.unerc*- 

-ease 

192:   tattlers   (32  farms) 

A*.  ]  e  nent .  .  .• 





-ers  (25  far 

4 :  ,30? 

: 

:  /- 

tlere  (3  : 

:  10,l67 

enumeration :  9.621 

■ :  -;:-' 

:.   (26  I  :~ 

•  •.• 7,1 

: 

1 

I 

...     • : 

At  enumeration 

b2C 


3,235 

.  5, §26 


7,591 

••720_ 


-2,871         : 


U.QU5 


-1.^29 


b,022 
2,.ffi 

lS 


5,195 

U,6lS 


3.766 


351 


.275 


:  -1,010 


7 


- 


323. 


-180 


023 

17b 


.     "• 


5S7 


323 


^i 


Equip- 
ment 


Dollars 


1.500 
.000 


i,yg 


103 

1,178 


196 


122 


•  251 

1^007 

756 


2U7 


2a 


71U 


U2^ 


287 
J12 


U32 


3Q6 


233 


251 


35S 
63S 


230 


bqj_ 


Z56 


2bQ 
891 


live- 
stock 


Dollars 


-  32  - 

FB  BLK  COST  OF  LJUffi  ANT  lATKB 

As  stated   in  t:.  "tor;-  paragraph,    it    Le  riot  possible  to 

segregate  the  values  of  land  and  water.      In  this  project   originally  land 
and  water  were  purchased  ceparat  I    ml/  about  cne-eighth  of  the  nt 

hollers   of   farms  pur.  • eriod  when  thir   condition  existed. 

r  the  others  the  purchase  price  of  the  farms  covered  land,   water,   and  such 

were  on  the  .3  possible   to  discuss,    therefore,   only 

total  cost   to  settlers.      In  this  project   the  average  per  acre,   obtained 
by  dividing  the   total  purchase  price  by   the   land  in  f;.rms,    is  $136.      The   costs 
of   improvements  made  since  purchase  have  averaged  $33  Per  acre,   making  a  total 
cost  of  $l6?  per  acre. 

The  average  excess  of   receirts  from  farm  products  over  farm  expendi- 
tures for  the  year  192b,    considering  all  farms   in  a  single  group,   was  $1,^0? 
per  .  le  3}.     To   this  was  added  an  average  income  from  outside  labor, 

ork  animals,   machinery,   etc.,   of  $136  per  farm,   making  a  total  of 
,538  per  farm.     From  this  must   come  whatever  allowance   is  made  for   interect 
est nent,    depreciation-,   payment  for  the  labor  of   the  farm  operator  and  hi:; 

payments  on  debts. 
Deducting  interest   on  net    investment   and  depreciation  on  equipment 
there   is  a  balance  -    -    -    .         :      for  labor    income.     3ut   interest   on  net 

.ent  a-  -  •,>  not  expenditures,    so   that  the  whole   net   return 

,    3?,    in  aduiticn  to  the   rent   end  family  livir.tr  obtained  from  the   I    r    , 
is  r  meeting  living  expense.  ,  on  the  place,   and 

making  i  •  aro     from  fully  developed  far  nting 

a  cost  0:  per  acre  for  land  and  improvements.     There  is  no  doubt  that  on 


-  3    - 

the  average  these              -develope .  i  produce  a  sufficient  return  to 

enable   the  r" 

.  a?co.              Bt^ndpoi  ore  maV                                              of   interest 

on    their    investments  ar:  ,                         e. 

The   consus  enu:  i    instructed  to   §e*  .1 

duler  all  farm  were    irrigating  all  or  an;'  .p:  rt  .r 

.  fclon  of  a  farm  has  been  follo'ved: 

•    ,    for  ceneua        :  ,  11  the   land  which    is  directly 

farmed  by  on°-  person,   either  by   hi  a  o--n  labor  alona  or  with  the  ansistance 
of  Pa  of  his  household,   or  hired  employees,*** 

id  c:    less  I  t    ree  acres, 

unless  its  products   in  192^  "^erc  valued    .'         :0  or  more." 

Values.  -  lues  of  farr  farm  property  are  those  given  by 

the  farm  operators  to  the   census  enumerators,  -ucted 

to  •    the  farft  operator  .nless   they  had  reason  to  believe 

they  rere  "color-  the-  .1  valuer,   01    the   fame  or  were  grossly  ex- 

aggerated, ares  they  -er  -e  ,    as  . -'aa-they.  could 

determine,    the  arc:  Luding  ings  and   improve- 

,   wo-ild  sell  under  normal  trend  v  orf.ed  sale).     As  a  rule 

ratora  V7ere  local  men  ••■    wall   infer. -ci  r.s  to   local  val  1  di 

3  .ledfe  Of  'tr.  Dr  loans,    ^rtd  assessments  for 

placet;,   fco  vith   tin  .      ir  value   ic 

the  value-:  of   the  .      In  other  places   they  may  be  owned 

andently  of  the  land  and  car.  bo  ar  A  a  se;  value.      Tn  an 

r         -'..''-.    t.  wat^r  vr::   little   value,  while  '..and.  ay 

•    a  high,  value;   but  usually   it    L|  not   possible   to   9*  value 

that   1  ignet  ■  at   should  be  asri,;ned  to  the 

water,   and  t  nod  to    ihe   improve!  made  by  the 

•  ay  be  sol 
frc  re   are,    usual      ,  rs   to  lues. 

i:et   investment  oeed  I  study,    is   the 

difference  between  the   su~.  of  1  the  farm,    its   equipment   ai  e- 

cto      .  .1  the  the  debts  of  all   claeeea* 

It  computing  interest   .  te   used  is  the  average 

3  of    indebtedness 
Bt  of  debts  on  which  the   interest   is  corcrut'  1. 


-  ^  - 

ict  reported  i  by 

•  d 

i  for  the 

Bed  in  c 

.    -  .-    c  u-Ted   t 

nts 
i  and  t  not   r>  ,    the 

pr«-  -.he  basic  of 

In  cooput 
rs  of  rented  farms  pn  ce  on  buildii 

of  th  .  ar.  value  of  bi:  premi 

I  zh  both  the<-  d. 

Rent,  -     C?he  ce-  Ls  for  the  Lie 

ntal   schl  ■  quan*.  -s   Of  product 

deli  bo  1  i    Then  value 8  were  not  repc: 

~es  based   or.  ot  e  project  nere   auod  in   c 

valu 

■'r?  receipts,  .    -  'eported  as   receipts  fri 

/.'  are   the  net   increase  a  froxa  January  1,    19"U   to  ,  , 

iaces  and  purchaeea  l~  -s 

and  for  crons  the  v         a  of  products 
1  for  sale   constitute 
val t  Lly  use  or  for  feed  or  seel  arc  net 

the  prr  .  ••    -od  sugar  beets  is  Pop, 

price  to  be    r 
the  grower  received  for  the   sl 

not  determined  until    I  11 

r  beets  t 


UNIVERSITY  Of  FLORIDA 


3  1262  08921  5098 


